Charger
Charger usually refers to a device that converts AC power into low-voltage DC power. Charger is a special DC power supply for rechargeable batteries. It includes current limiting, voltage limiting and other control circuits that meet the charging characteristics.
Chargers are widely used in various fields, especially in the life field, they are widely used in electric vehicles, flashlights and other common electrical appliances. It generally charges the battery directly without any intermediary equipment or devices
The process of the charger is: constant current - constant voltage - trickle, three-stage intelligent charging. The three-stage charging theory in the charging process can greatly improve the charging efficiency of the battery, shorten the charging time, and effectively extend the battery life. Three stage charging adopts constant current charging first, then constant voltage charging, and finally floating charging for maintenance charging.
Generally, it is divided into three stages: fast charging, supplementary charging and trickle charging:
Fast charging stage: charge the battery with large current to quickly recover the battery power. The charging rate can reach more than 1C. At this time, the charging voltage is low, but the charging current will be limited to a certain range.
Complementary charging stage: compared with fast charging stage, complementary charging stage can also be called slow charging stage. When the fast charging phase is terminated, the battery is not fully sufficient, and a supplementary charging process needs to be added. The supplementary charging rate generally does not exceed 0.3C. Because the battery voltage increases after the fast charging phase, the charging voltage in the supplementary charging phase should also be increased and kept within a certain range.
Trickle charging stage: in the later stage of the supplementary charging stage, when it is detected that the temperature rise exceeds the limit value or the charging current decreases to a certain value, start charging with a smaller current until a certain condition is met.
The power adapter
The common power adapter on the market is a power converter that has undergone voltage transformation, rectification and voltage stabilization, and the output is DC. It can be understood as a low-voltage voltage stabilized power supply when the power is satisfied.
The power adapter is widely used in routers, telephone consoles, game consoles, language repeaters, walkmans, laptops, mobile phones and other devices. Most power adapters can automatically detect 100~240V AC (50/60Hz).
The power adapter is a power supply conversion device for small portable electronic devices and electronic appliances. It places the power supply outside and connects it to the host with a line, which can reduce the size and weight of the host. Only a few devices and appliances have the power supply built into the host.
It is internally composed of power transformer and rectifier circuit, and can be divided into AC output type and DC output type according to its output type; According to the connection mode, it can be divided into wall inserting type and desktop type. There is a nameplate on the power adapter, which indicates the power, input/output voltage, current and other indicators. Pay special attention to the range of input voltage.
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